Gasoline

Engine oils for gasoline engines from XENUM

Gasoline engine — engine, which uses different types of fuel gasoline. Different types of combustible gas can also be used as fuel for gasoline engines alcohols. It is used as propeller in vehicles, chainsaws, lawn mowers, electric generators, compressors.

Gasoline engine — class internal combustion engines, in the cylinders of which the pre-compressed fuel-air mixture is ignited by an electric spark. Power control is carried out, as a rule, by adjusting the air flow with a throttle valve.

The gasoline engine is created Nikolaus Otto (patented in 1876), was used by German engineers Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz in cars in 1886.

A gasoline engine is a complex mechanical device consisting of approximately 150 moving parts. Has one or more pistons, moving inside the cylinders. The pistons drive the crankshaft, at the ends of which there are heavy impellers, from which the movement is transmitted to the driving wheels of the car through the system transmission, which consists of clutch, gearboxes and drive

Classification of gasoline engines

• By the method of mixture formation – external and internal mixture formation;
• According to the method of implementation of the work cycle - four-stroke and two-stroke. Two-stroke engines have more power per unit volume, but less efficiency. Therefore, two-stroke engines are used where small dimensions are very important, but where fuel economy is not important, for example, on motorcycles, small motor boats, chainsaws and motorized tools. Four-stroke engines are installed on the absolute majority of the rest vehicles. It should be noted that diesel engines can also be four-stroke or two-stroke; two-stroke diesels are devoid of many disadvantages of gasoline two-stroke engines, but they are used mainly on large ones courts (rarely on locomotives and trucks);
• By quantity cylinders - single-cylinder, two-cylinder and multi-cylinder;
• According to the location of the cylinders - engines with a vertical or inclined arrangement of cylinders in one row (the so-called "in-line" engine), V-shaped with the arrangement of cylinders at an angle (when the cylinders are arranged at an angle of 180, the engine is called an engine with opposite cylinders, or opposed), W- similar, which use 4 rows of cylinders located at an angle from 1 crankshaft (a V-shaped engine has 2 rows of cylinders), in the shape of a star;
• According to the cooling method – engines with liquid or air cooling;
• By type of lubricant mixed type (oil is mixed with the fuel mixture) and separate type (oil is in the crankcase)
• According to the type of fuel used - liquid and gaseous;
• By degree of compression. Depending on the degree of compression, high (E = 12 ... 18) and low (E = 4 ... 9) compression engines are distinguished;
• According to the method of filling the cylinder with a fresh charge: engines without pressurization (atmospheric), in which air or a combustible mixture is admitted due to discharge in the cylinder during the suction stroke of the piston; supercharged engines, in which the intake of air or a combustible mixture into the working cylinder takes place under pressure, being created turbocharger, in order to increase the air charge and obtain increased engine power and efficiency;
• By rotation frequency: low-speed, high-speed, high-speed;
• By appointment stationary, auto-tractor, ship, locomotive, aviation, etc. engines are distinguished;
• They are practically not used types of engines - rotary-piston Wankel (produced by only one automobile company - Mazda (Japan)), with external combustion Stirling etc..

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